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"But if, in any layman who is indeed imbued with literature, ignorance of the Latin language, which we can truly call the 'catholic' language, indicates a certain sluggishness in his love toward the Church, how much more fitting it is that each and every cleric should be adequately practiced and skilled in that language!" The result is that the deacon may need to attend more than one Mass a weekend, perhaps attending one Mass with his family and assisting at others. April 2020 T. Finigan The hermeneutic of continuity, Benedict XVIs letter about SSPX excomms, Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine by Ernout & Meillet, Fundamentals of Catholic Dogma by Ludwig Ott, Holy Sees response to clerical abuse of minors, Lexicon latinitatis medii aevi: Praesertim ad res ecclesiasticas investigandas pertinens, Souters A glossary of later Latin to 600 A.D, The Spirit of the Liturgy by Joseph Ratzinger, Fr. We were mentioned in article in an article by The Times (United Kingdom), as you, I recently appeared on Square Notes, the Sacred Music Podcast to discuss some of the basics of Dom Mocquereau's system of Gregorian rhythm. We usually use it to refer to a group of singers. November 2018 assigned to the parish and especially for priest celebrants who have deacons assisting them at Mass. Whereas Mass in the Ordinary Form was conceived as a very simple parish week-day Mass with possible additions for greater solemnity, every Mass in the Extraordinary Form is a more or less simplied version of the solemn papal Mass as celebrated in the early Middle Ages, and many of its ceremonies can only be explained by looking back at the . McDonald. JACKSON On Friday, Sept. 5, 100 people gathered in St. Peter Cathedral to celebrate Mass in the extraordinary form of the Roman Rite, known by many as the Tridentine Mass or the Latin Mass. I use one. These terms distinguish it from a Low Mass and Missa Cantata. A deacons role in the Eucharistic liturgy is not about what is needed but rather what is fitting. October 2017 Log in. November 2014 April 2021 Re: your comment Father I do mean a Missa Cantata. (Print format only), - Also contains a link to a complete Sunday Missal But when I, as an individual deacon, sit in choir I generally prefer cassock and surplice for the exact reason Bishop Elliott mentions it helps to distinguish me from the clergy who are carrying out their liturgical duties in the celebration. I do exchanges with military and LEOs, etc. The Low Mass and the High Mass are the two primary categories of masses that can be found. 1. Roche Breaks His Silence Re: Cardinal Sarah, Absolute Key to a Healthy and Renewed Choir, Fifty-Seven (57) Sample Pages Brbeuf Hymnal. Yet all agree that Mass is better celebrated with all these elements. Z AND I HAVE POSTED PI OFF TO PANAMA CITY BEACH! It is up to you, the people. I also know that this pastor inherited a mess when he was assigned to the parish, and IMHO this pastor worked hard to do some housecleaning. The Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite makes significant use of the osculum, the liturgical kiss, of which the amplexus, the embrace, is a variant. Sure. God Bless this most Holy and humble priest and, The image of McButterpants in a bathrobe made me spit my coffee out this morningthanks Father Z :-), The modern habit of doing ceremonial things unceremoniously is no proof of humility; rather it proves the offender's inability to forget himself in the rite, and his readiness to spoil for every one else the proper pleasure of ritual., If you travel internationally, this is a super useful gizmo for your mobile internet data. I offered to vest to assist in the liturgy. The Mass of the Catechumens (On Sundays before the Principal Mass the Asperges is usually sung first) The priest genuflects at the foot of the altar and joins his hands, the faithful kneel down. April 2014 Mass Propers for Sundays & principal feast days, each collection My family is present, scattered throughout the church, participating in the Mass in various ways. It was a Low Mass, which has no role for the deacon, so I sat in choir for that. 3. Propers for the Requiem and some Votive Masses. January 2019 To receive Christ worthily in the Holy Eucharist, one must be a baptized Catholic in a state of grace. Pope . September 2018 Recently, I was attending Mass in the Extraordinary Form. April 2022 I think it can help to curb pride, with some priests believing that they MUST be a celebrant at every Mass they are at and dont like the idea of humbling themselves to vest in a dalmatic when they are priests and belong front and center. Given the motu proprio "Traditionis Custodes," the uncharitable document from Pope Francis [6] Ensure your enunciation is similar to the other choir members' as well. Low Mass is characterized by the fact that the priest does not chant the parts of the Mass that are assigned to him by the rubrics. In desperate need for God, whom he nevertheless refuses to adore, modern man in his loneliness and frustration will hunger more and more for membership in a community that will give him enlargement of purpose, but at the cost of losing himself in some vague collectivity. One difference noticed by some was there were no concelebrants to the Mass. I wonder which is right, given today's novus ordo-conditioned congregations that are used to having ushers tell communicants when to approach - row-by-row. September 2021 My "challenge coin" for my 25th anniversary of ordination in 2016. Or do they sit when the priest does and then awkwardly genuflect from a sitting position when the choir gets to that part? April 2016 On December 8, 2018, the Feast of the Immaculate Conception, the "Mass of the Americas" premiered at San Francisco's Cathedral of St. Mary of the Assumption. I was intending to serve as deacon so there could be a Solemn Mass, but neither Father nor I could find anyone eligible to serve as subdeacon who was available. Are you sharing meals together? If its not possible because one or more members of the family are attending to other duties, it does not mean ones family responsibilities are being neglected. You won't get me "live". January 2020 It is much slower and more meditative. Introduction. From The Private Diary of Bishop F. Atticus McButterpants , LENTCAzT 2023 11: Ember Saturday in Lent: Transfiguration, From The Private Diary of Bishop F. Atticus McButterpants 23-03-03, LENTCAzT 2023 10: Ember Friday 1st Week of Lent Regret, From The Private Diary of Bishop F. Atticus McButterpants 23-03-02. Mass Postures: Low Mass (Traditional Latin 'Tridentine' Mass) * Key: | = Stand; - = Sit; \ = Kneel For postures for High Mass, see column at right Summary: Brief Summary of Latin Mass Postures (For High & Low Mass) Keywords . When I am serving in the sanctuary on Sunday morning, three of my sons are there serving with me as altar servers. What is important to me is the music. Zs Blog, Days in Rome Project April/May 2023 UPDATED, WDTPRS 13th Ordinary Sunday: error binds and truth frees, Mail from a priest: It finally dawned on me that the dysfunction could be demonic. Then a short rant from @FatherZ, Mail From A Priest: I have finally begun offering the Traditional Latin Mass, From The Private Diary of Bishop F. Atticus McButterpants 23-03-04, LENTCAzT 2023 10: Ember Friday 1st Week of Lent Regret to late, C-Fam: Catholic Family and Human Rights Institute, Fr. sitting in choir at extraordinary form mass. I wanted to mention something I just figured out The guy who got appointed Archbishop of Toronto a few, I have it on good authority that the family originated in the rural hills of Wales, living on a remote. They were delighted to have me. The Chair (of St Peter) is in the area behind that beautiful altar. This is from an acquaintance in NYC:"Fr. not a prescriptive direction and of course people did not have to follow it. Springfield's Latin Mass has no music, while a full choir performs at Quincy's weekly Mass. November 2021 April 2019 August 2017 May 2015 McDonald? It's okay for a priest or a deacon to take a serving role. April 2018 My father only recently retired from his usher duties. After the calendar list there are Requiem and One of the phenomena that has come about is the seminarian who has taught himself all he knows about the Extraordinary Form. This suggests we should be kneeling for the Kyrie. December 2018 In contrast, the Mass that was written by Paul VI in 1970 is considered to be the ordinary, normal, or standard form of the Roman Rite. Through reflection, presentations, and prayer, we will explore and reflect upon how worship can draw upon our rich tradition and at the same time speak powerfully to our contemporary culture. There's an important distinction that should be emphasized during the Mass. A useful place to find history and translations of Latin hymns and prayers. The Priest alone begins with a loud voice Gloria in excelsis Deo, and the choir continues Et in terra pax hominibus etc., divided again into two parts answering one another; or singing alternately with the Cantors. It helps to pay for insurance, groceries, everything. Handmaids of the Lord: Joined: Tue Mar 02, 2004 8:20 pm Posts: 8265 Location: New York State Religion: Catholic I went to the EF (Latin) Mass this weekend. November 2019 P: In the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. This retired priest (Fr. Working from this understanding, UnaVoce Mississippi, with the permission of Bishop Joseph Kopacz, invited Fathers Haynes and Rice to come to the diocese and put on the workshop which concluded with the Sept. 5, Missa Cantata or Sung Mass. Thanks for your comment about priests serving at Mass once in a while. On July 7th 2007, His Holiness Pope Benedict XVI issued an apostolic letter called . Mass Missals are available that include all Daily, Sunday and Holy Day Masses, and shorter versions for only Sundays and Holy Days are also available. As we pass the 13th anniversary of Pope Benedict XVI's Motu Proprio, Summorum Pontificum, more priests and consequently a greater number of the faithful have begun participating in the Traditional Latin Mass or Extraordinary Form, and more resources have been produced to help provide a . PLEASE subscribe via PayPal if it is useful. THE DISCONNECT BETWEEN THE PRIEST AND THE CHOIR IN A GOOD HISTORY ON THE VERNACULAR IN THE LITURGY. These are noted in the Mass text posts. Father Joe Dyer, pastor in Forest, Newton and Paulding, came to the Mass and sat in choir along with Father Matthew Simmons, director of vocations for the diocese; Father Scott Thomas, pastor in Clarksdale; and Father Rice. Burke to readers of Fr. Its okay for a priestnot to concelebrate, but to sit in choir in proper choir dress. My daughters sit with their grandmother in a pew in the front row. The Extraordinary Form, which is the 1962 Latin Mass of Pope John XXIII, available with Latin and English on opposing pages. February 2019 May 2016 sitting in choir at extraordinary form massasbury park press classifieds. Cardinal Raymond Burke gives the final blessing during the Summorum Pontificum Pilgrimage Mass in Rome on Oct. 25, 2014. Chapter IV . And I am sure this pastor rises early for prayer and daily Mass. For that reason I am comfortable with it as it is. Sometimes you may be invited to serve at the altar, but if not, let the pastor know youd like to sit in choir. I traveled to that parish in order to celebrate with her. That specific rubric is found This means the deacons own heart must always be near the altar, especially at the celebration of the Eucharist, which is visibly manifested by the deacon offering worship whether serving the Mass or not from his proper place in or near the sanctuary. The positive aspect of this disconnect from the choir/congregation is that it emphasizes the role of the priest at Mass as precisely that "priest" or mediator between God and Man. Posted by ; modelo del ciclo basado en el cliente; mitchell college special needs . Unless the Powers that Be forbid such a thing. Museum Curators: Too much Catholic influence. That way I have steady income I can plan on, and you wind up regularly on my list of benefactors for whom I pray and for whom I periodically say Holy Mass. Should the Bishops of the USA have us return to obligatory meatless Fridays during the whole year and not just during Lent? Perhaps some of the boys couldnt show up so you have to fill in? There are also plans in the near future to celebrate the ordinary form in Latin at the Cathedral. There Deacon Ditewig talks about the unfortunate practice in some parts of the Church of deacons being discouraged from serving at the liturgy by their pastor (or others), for example, at a weekday Mass when deacons are presumably not needed.. I have served Mass for visiting priest friends. Share on Facebook . August 2022 March 2018 August 2021 May 2019 You can listen to the whole episode on YouTube, To help my volunteer choir members learn, I have attempted to record all the vocal parts for, Alfred Calabrese leads choir on EWTN with Archbishop Cordileone, Crd. Inviting me to sit in choir made me feel included as clergy, even though there was no specific role for me in that particular liturgy. In the liturgy of the Catholic Church, a Mass that is offered for a votum, also known as a specific purpose, is known as a votive Mass (Latin: missa votiva). Who is going to save our Church? A terrific resource for music for the Latin Mass, and books and articles to read about the Latin Mass and liturgy. Question about the Extraordinary Form Mass. Tomorrow, walking down the street, I want to appear learned and say to my friends Oh, look up! If I recall correctly, Popes have served Mass for their priest secretaries. (The Traditional Mass: History, Form, and Theology of the Classical Roman Rite [Brooklyn, NY: Angelico Press, 2020], 228) Its okay for us to get down off our high horses and pick up the curry comb. By Mary Woodward Angela McCarthy says the Latin mass appeals to a group of conservative Catholics who hanker for the church of the 1950s. being a subset of the liturgical year. Solemn Mass (Latin: missa solemnis) is the full ceremonial form of a Mass, predominantly associated with the Tridentine Mass where it is celebrated by a priest with a deacon and a subdeacon, requiring most of the parts of the Mass to be sung, and the use of incense.It is also called High Mass or Solemn High Mass.. March 2015 February 2017 Introit: Isaiah 48: 20. UPDATE 18 Feb 17:58 GMT: I received this from the person whose question sparked this entry: I'm the guy who left a question about what to expect a few days back. Great question! July 2020 This is the only acceptable way to receive Holy Communion in the traditional Latin Mass. Their pastor may not have needed me in the sanctuary, but the lay people assisting him seemed to think it was strange for a member of the clergy to be there and not serve according to his office. My mother has been active there for a few decades and told me it is not uncommon for the pastor to work in his office until 10 PM. - St. John Paul II. It seems the people in charge of the music ministry should work to select the music not only based on the season, but to reinforce the readings at the least. We very rarely all sat together at Mass, so this was not much of a transition for us. October 2018 Among thetopics discussed will the expected changes in the new translation of the Third Edition of the Roman Missal." While the deacons attending Mass with his family is certainly laudable, it can also contribute to catechetical confusion if the deacon only rarely exercises his liturgical functions. Zs 5 Rules of Engagement for after the Motu Proprio is released, Fr. for the Traditional Latin Mass, - Links to multiple pdf's that provide the Ordinary of the Mass of the Roman Rite, 414. with the Ordinary of the Mass and Propers for Sundays & principal feast days. Little Guide to the Extraordinary Form. . November 16th 2019 - Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception | Washington, DC. An easy-to-use video recording app to create your favourite lectures. Inviting me to sit in choir made me feel included as clergy, even though there was no specific role for me in that particular liturgy. If you get one through my link, I get data rewards. Nota bene: I do not answer these numbers or this Skype address. of the Dominican Rite, and of the Carmelite Rite, as they were celebrated in 1962. Even being silently present and merely watching do not necessarily indicate a lack of interior involvement. You may sit again when the priest sits while the choir sings. It was touching to see, it was a good example, and it was obvious that each priest wanted to be there. Members of UnaVoce provided the servers and schola (choir) for the Mass Sept. 5. October 2013. The celebrant did not repeat these parts until the mendicant orders made it the practice of saying the Mass privately. The two priests also assisted in training boys and men interested in being altar servers for the extraordinary form. The term "High Mass" is also used in the United States to describe . [Choir sings the Introit] P: In nomine Patris, et Filii, et Spiritus Sancti. This led to the rather odd situation where in a "Missa Cantata" (the typical High Mass with no deacon or sub-deacon), two Masses are going on simulteously, the "Mass of the Schola," i.e. These were in the days prior to concelebration. My mothers parish has a retired priest who helps out. He probably wont be used to deacons asking that, and will appreciate the heads up. Low Mass, also known as Missa lecta (which literally translates to read Mass), is a form of the Tridentine Mass that was officially defined in the Code of Rubrics that was included in the 1962 edition of the Roman Missal. In ecclesial parlance, it can mean the group of singers who provide music for the Mass. The 11:00 am Mass will be a Solemn High Mass, followed by an outdoor procession with the Blessed Sacrament in the parish gardens. The Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite The Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite is the liturgy of the Catholic Church in use before the reforms of the second Vatican council. The polyphonic composition that is used for the mass of requiem is different from the composition that is used for the normal mass in that it not only includes certain items of the Ordinary, such as the Kyrie, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei, but it also includes the Introit and Gradual from the Proper. The History of the Mass in the Tridentine Rite The Council of Trent codified the final form of the Tridentine Mass in 1570, but some of the material in it is over one thousand years older. The feast of Corpus Christi at St. John Cantius Church in Chicago is an important experience for parishioners and visitors. Almighty and Everlasting God, in whose Hand are the power and the government of every realm: look down upon and help the Christian people that the heathen nations who trust in the fierceness of their own might may be crushed by the power of thine Arm. December 2017 If you are interested, contact Aristotle Esguerra at (608) 514-4391. - Postures at Mass. perhaps you ought to have offered to help out so that there could have been a Solemn Mass.] Surely no priest could endure this ignominy. I've seen all these at EF Masses. December 2021 Father Haynes, explained some of the differences between the extraordinary form and the ordinary form. Intended for parish use as a reusable pew missal. I use one. This has my mind turning what would be the collective noun? Find the full schedule below). I was listening to the excellent Dr. Bergsmas lectures on the Song of Songs the other day, and had the thought that the fundamental failure of understanding I have had about our all male priesthood is not that we have an all male priesthood, but that, in as much as we are all assembled and collectively to be the Bride of Christ, we have an all female Ecclesia. As I already mentioned, this would be called for when there are already more than enough deacons serving at the Mass. The Mass was celebrated by Archbishop Cordileone at the end of the 25th annual "Cruzada Guadalupana," a 12-mile pilgrimage in honor of our Lady of Guadalupewhich is held every . I once had a cardinal serve Mass for me. March 2022 Ministry of deacons The priest is facing East, toward the altar, known as ad orientem or toward the Orient. Early musical notation was fostered in monasteries and cloisters. . John D. HortonTACOMA WA, John, Thanks so much for that succinct history! This pastor is in his mid sixties, and was a religious order priest prior to being incardinated into the diocese several years ago. January 2017 Zs Litany for the Conversion of Internet Thugs (2.0), Holy Sees page about response to clerical abuse of minors, Litany for the conversion of internet thugs, NOTE TO READERS: Registration, comments, Snail Mail and Email, Prayer for the Conversion or Downfall of the National catholic Reporter, Summorum Pontificum: Latin and WDTPRS translation, The Holy Fathers Letter for the Year for Priests, The Problem With Toning Down the Rhetoric And Why We Probably Wont Do It, Tips for writing to the Vatican, bishops and priests, WDTPRS Spiritual Bouquet for Pope Benedict for St. Josephs Day (19 March), Ceremonies of the Liturgical Year: According to the Modern Roman Rite: A Manual for Clergy and All Involved in Liturgical Ministries [Elliott], Learning To Serve [Illustrated] [Carmody], Manual of Episcopal Ceremonies (in 2 vols) [Rettger Stehle], Rubrics of the Roman Breviary and Missal [Doyle], The Celebration of the Mass (A Study of the Rubrics of the Roman Missal) [O'Connell], The Ceremonies of the Roman Rite Described [Fortescue O`Connell Reid]. Jim preaches, due to his stroke his speech is a little slurred, but if you take the time to listen his homilies are solid, on target, and he really wants to be in the sanctuary. Priests who were present sat in choir meaning they vested in the liturgical attire of cassock, surplice and biretta and sat off to the side. December 2013 July 2019 If more than one deacon is present at a given Mass, the GIRM suggests that the various duties of that ministry may be distributed among them (see GIRM 109). But there is a positive as well as the negative aspect to be considered. At a High Mass, you may if you wish also join the choir in singing the "Et cum spiritu tuo's," Kyrie, Gloria & Credo (if any), Sanctus, and Agnus Dei. He said it wasnt necessary. - Links to pdf's, each containing some form If you travel internationally, this is a super useful gizmo for your mobile internet data. God bless them. The most evident mark of Gods anger and the most terrible castigation He can inflict upon the world are manifested when He permits His people to fall into the hands of clerics who are priests more in name than in deed, priests who practice the cruelty of ravening wolves rather than the charity and affection of devoted shepherds. By Conor Dugan. In July 2007, Pope Benedict XVI restored the Traditional Latin Mass as one of the two forms of the Mass in the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church. This webpage describes the Extraordinary Form Mass. I really like hearing the choir's drawn out singing and the priest having to "wait". Help Monks in Wyoming (coffee UPDATED LINK) and Norcia (beer) and the wonderful "Soap Sisters" of Summit, NJ! But, during the Mass, the differences should be highlighted. February 2014 The joyful portions, Gloria and Credo, are not included in the requiem mass. All rise when the celebrant sings the conclusion of the Secret(s); they sing Amen and the responses to the dialogue that introduces the Preface and listen to the Preface. Amen. October 2016 He emphasized there was no fracture of the tradition at the Second Vatican Council. People who are new to the EF tend to get confused about what they are supposed to do during that time because of the genuflection that takes place during the "et incarnatus est." At Saint Joseph, priests are available to hear confession at least 30 minutes before every Mass, on Sundays as well as daily Masses, and after Masses as needed.Lines form outside the confessional, along the wall on Mary's side of the altar, located at the back of the church. August 2019 This includes the mass, the sacraments, various rites of blessing and more. Of course, that assumes the choir is a good one and the music isn't terrible! Then I noticed in this movie clip (c. 1944) a Christmas Mass where people made their way, as described above: after the triple bell of the celebrant's "Domine non sum dingus" and halted in the aisles for the second Confiteor and "ecce Agnus Dei" however, one observes, too, that not even 50% of the congregation approached to receive (on Christmas Eve). We read that in the end time, Christ comes from the East. When I went into the seminary the Mass was still in Latin, said Father Dyer. For the second Mass, the ordinary was a polyphonic setting (I don't recall by whom), and the Gregorian propers were chanted. Psalm. Members of UnaVoce provided the servers and schola (choir) for the Mass Sept. 5. Father Rice preached the sermon for the Mass. What does it mean to attend Mass in the Extraordinary Form?Ecclesiastical Latin is used for the celebration of this liturgy, which was issued in 1570 and was the most extensively used Mass liturgy in the world from that time until the introduction of the Mass of Paul VI in 1969.Some people refer to the 1962 Tridentine Mass as the exceptional form of the Mass due to the fact that it is the only extraordinary form that is officially permitted. May 2020 February 2018 Before Mass, the necessary vessels are prepared either at the credence table or on the right hand side of the altar. There is a danger in thinking of the liturgy in these terms. I thought about this recently when re-reading sections of The Deacon at Mass: A Theological and Pastoral Guide, by Deacon William Ditewig. May 2022 March 2020 Corpus Christi Watershed is a 501(c)3 public charity dedicated to exploring and embodying as our calling the relationship of religion, culture, and the arts. July 2018 So I took my place in one of the front pews. March 2017 July 2021 Ive noticed one typically gets quite a different reaction in Eastern Catholic parishes. depressed boyfriend says i deserve better; are flowers allowed in the catholic church during lent The Mass was originally written in Latin. CHAPTER THREE: SOME GENERAL NORMS FOR ALL FORMS OF MASS . Choir - Extraordinary Form Mass. April 2015 From: Musicae Sacrae On Sacred Music Pope Pius XII Encyclical Promulgated on December 25, 1955 Schola Cantorum 99. March 2014 These two are the ones that are presented the majority of the time at the parish. I was reminded of this recently as I was sitting in choir at an Extraordinary Form Solemn Mass. September 2020 Incipit solus Sacerdos clara voce Gloria in excelsis Deo: deinde Chorus prosequitur Et in terra pax hominibus, etc . how do i choose my seat on alaska airlines? While the deacon has a responsibility to and for his family, he has taken on additional responsibilities for the entire community as well, and these must not be ignored either. May 2021 An ordinary is an officer of a church or municipal authority who, by nature of their office, has the usual ability to execute laws. The Extraordinary Form Mass was introduced to the church recently and parishioners are still adapting to it. March 2016 Latin Mass Resources: Extraordinary Form, Traditional Latin Mass, Tridentine Mass. I was invited to sing with the choir at this Mass and it was a big contrast compare to the Mass I attended on All Saints Day. February 2015 At a Low Mass you won't really need to say anything except the "Domine, non sum dignus" (pp. @jflare29 Its St John Lateran. When I visit and Fr. Is his family from the county Butter-Briste in the west of Ireland, or do they hail from glen Butterpants in, Final P.S. The Eucharist Prayer, the Our Father, and Holy Communion are all included in the Eucharist Liturgy. It's okay for a priest not to concelebrate, but to sit in choir in proper choir dress. The Mass celebrant and servers genuflect during the procession. The day after Easter, known as Easter Monday, is observed as a public holiday in many nations where Christianity [], Ash Wednesday marks the beginning of Lent, which is a season of prayer, fasting, and giving alms that lasts for forty days and finishes at sundown on Holy Thursday.It is a time of preparation for the celebration of the Resurrection of the Lord that takes place on Easter.We seek the Lord in prayer by reading []. napoleon education reforms, orchard title of texas 3201 dallas parkway, alcon okta login,